Latest Polity articles & notes for all competitive exams.
Parliamentary devices explained - Question Hour and types of questions, Zero Hour, no-confidence, censure and confidence motions, adjournment and calling attention motions, cut motions, point of order and quorum, with 15 previous year questions.
National Green Tribunal explained - why it was set up, its structure and benches, the seven laws it covers, how it works, the principles it applies and its impact and criticism, with 15 previous year questions.
Collegium system explained - Articles 124, 217 and 222, the four Judges Cases, how the Supreme Court and High Court collegiums work, the NJAC of 2014, why it was struck down in 2015, criticism of the collegium and related appointments, with 15 previous year questions.
Contempt of court explained - courts of record under Articles 129 and 215, contempt and free speech, civil and criminal contempt under the 1971 Act, punishment, defences including truth, who can start proceedings, and the reform debate, with 15 previous year questions.
Model Code of Conduct and EVM-VVPAT explained - what the MCC is, when it applies, what it bans, its legal status, cVIGIL, the history of EVMs, NOTA, how VVPAT works, the five-booth rule and the 2024 Supreme Court ruling, with 15 previous year questions.
Fifth and Sixth Schedules explained - why tribal areas need special provisions, Scheduled Areas in ten States, the Tribes Advisory Council and Governor's powers, PESA 1996, Autonomous District Councils in the North-East and their powers, with 15 previous year questions.
Inter-State water disputes explained - water in the Constitution, Article 262, the River Boards Act and Inter-State River Water Disputes Act of 1956, how tribunals work, the major tribunals, the Cauvery case and proposed reforms, with 15 previous year questions.
All India Services explained - types of government services, Article 309 service rules, Article 310 doctrine of pleasure, Article 311 safeguards, Article 312 and the Rajya Sabha resolution, the IAS, IPS and Indian Forest Service, with 15 previous year questions.
State Legislature explained - unicameral and bicameral States, the six States with a Legislative Council, Article 169, strength and term of the Assembly and Council, how Council members are chosen, how bills are passed and the Governor's role, with 15 previous year questions.