The Nobel Prize is one of the most prestigious awards in the world. Exams ask about its founder, categories and the list of Indian winners. The prize is named after Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite.
Basic Facts
- Instituted by: Alfred Nobel
- First awarded: 1901
- Awarded in six fields: Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, Literature, Peace and Economics
- The Economics prize was added in 1969
- The Peace Prize is given in Oslo, Norway; others in Stockholm, Sweden
Early Indian Winners
- Rabindranath Tagore - Literature (1913), first Indian and Asian laureate
- C. V. Raman - Physics (1930), for the Raman Effect
- Mother Teresa - Peace (1979)
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Later Indian and Indian-Origin Winners
- Amartya Sen - Economics (1998)
- Hargobind Khorana - Medicine (1968), Indian-born
- Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar - Physics (1983), Indian-born
- Venkatraman Ramakrishnan - Chemistry (2009), Indian-born
- Kailash Satyarthi - Peace (2014)
- Abhijit Banerjee - Economics (2019), Indian-born
Points to Remember
- Tagore was the first non-European to win the Literature prize.
- C. V. Raman was the first Indian Nobel laureate in science.
- The prize is not awarded posthumously, with rare exceptions.
Quick Revision Points
- Nobel Prize founder: Alfred Nobel.
- First awarded: 1901; Economics added in 1969.
- First Indian laureate: Rabindranath Tagore (1913).
- C. V. Raman: Physics (1930).
- Mother Teresa: Peace (1979).
- Amartya Sen: Economics (1998).
- Kailash Satyarthi: Peace (2014).
- Peace Prize is given in Oslo, Norway.