The Governor is the constitutional head of a state. The Governor's position is similar to that of the President at the central level. The state executive includes the Governor, Chief Minister and Council of Ministers. Provisions are given in Articles 153 to 167.
Appointment of the Governor
The Governor is appointed by the President, not elected. The Governor holds office during the pleasure of the President. The normal term is five years. One person can be appointed Governor of two or more states.
Eligibility
- Must be a citizen of India.
- Must have completed 35 years of age.
- Should not be a member of Parliament or a state legislature.
- Should not hold any office of profit.
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Powers of the Governor
- Executive powers – appoints the Chief Minister and other ministers.
- Legislative powers – summons and dissolves the state legislature.
- Financial powers – money bills need the Governor's recommendation.
- Judicial powers – grants pardons under Article 161.
- Reserves certain bills for the consideration of the President.
Chief Minister and Council
The Chief Minister is the real executive head of the state. The Governor appoints the leader of the majority party in the Assembly as Chief Minister. The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the State Legislative Assembly.
Quick Revision Points
- State executive is covered under Articles 153-167.
- Governor is appointed by the President.
- Minimum age for Governor is 35 years.
- Governor grants pardons under Article 161.
- Chief Minister is the real executive head of the state.
- One Governor can serve more than one state.
- Council of Ministers answers to the State Assembly.