The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) is the central recruiting agency of India. It conducts examinations to select officers for the All India Services and central services. The UPSC is an independent constitutional body provided for under Articles 315 to 323.
Background
The UPSC has its roots in the Government of India Act, 1919. The first Public Service Commission was set up in 1926. Under the Constitution, the UPSC began functioning from 26 January 1950.
Composition
- It consists of a Chairman and other members.
- Members are appointed by the President.
- They hold office for six years or until the age of 65 years.
- About one-half of the members should have at least ten years of government service.
- Members can be removed by the President on grounds of misbehaviour.
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Functions of the UPSC
- Conducts examinations for All India and central services.
- Advises the government on recruitment and promotions.
- Advises on disciplinary matters of civil servants.
- Frames and amends recruitment rules.
- Submits an annual report to the President.
Independence
The Constitution protects the independence of the UPSC. Members have security of tenure, and their expenses are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India. This keeps the body free from political pressure.
Quick Revision Points
- UPSC is provided under Articles 315-323.
- Began functioning on 26 January 1950.
- Chairman and members appointed by the President.
- Members serve 6 years or until 65 years.
- It is the central recruiting agency of India.
- Expenses charged on the Consolidated Fund of India.
- It is an independent constitutional body.